▸ HEAD-TO-HEAD

ADAM SMITH VS FRANCIS HUTCHESON

Adam Smith
1723–1790
What is is not what must be.
Francis Hutcheson
1694–1746
What is is not what must be.

▸ WHERE THEY SHARPLY DISAGREED

The three dimensions on which Adam Smith and Francis Hutcheson are farthest apart on Mull's 0–10 scale.

  • Practical OrientationΔ 2 / 10
    Adam Smith: 7/10
    Francis Hutcheson: 9/10

    somewhat (2/10): Francis Hutcheson is oriented toward what helps a life go well in practice; Adam Smith foregrounds other priorities.

  • Trust in ReasonΔ 1 / 10
    Adam Smith: 6/10
    Francis Hutcheson: 5/10

    somewhat (1/10): Adam Smith trusts reasoned argument more strongly than Francis Hutcheson does.

  • Trust in ExperienceΔ 1 / 10
    Adam Smith: 7/10
    Francis Hutcheson: 8/10

    somewhat (1/10): Francis Hutcheson grounds knowing in lived experience; Adam Smith weights other sources of evidence more.

▸ WHERE THEY OVERLAPPED

Where the gap is smallest — both with meaningful presence on the dimension (not "neither cared").

  • Universalist Impulsegap 0 / 10
    Adam Smith: 6/10
    Francis Hutcheson: 6/10

    Both register moderate universalist impulse.

  • Embodied Sensibilitygap 0 / 10
    Adam Smith: 5/10
    Francis Hutcheson: 5/10

    Both register moderate embodied sensibility.

  • Theoretical Drivegap 0 / 10
    Adam Smith: 6/10
    Francis Hutcheson: 6/10

    Both register moderate theoretical drive.

▸ ALL 16 DIMENSIONS

The full vector comparison. Bars show their 0–10 scores side-by-side.

  • Ascetic TendencyΔ 0
  • Communal EmbeddednessΔ 1
  • Embodied SensibilityΔ 0
  • Mystical ReceptivityΔ 0
  • Practical OrientationΔ 2
  • Reverence for TraditionΔ 0
  • Self as IllusionΔ 0
  • Skeptical ReflexΔ 0
  • Sovereign SelfΔ 0
  • Theoretical DriveΔ 0
  • Trust in ExperienceΔ 1
  • Trust in ReasonΔ 1
  • Tragic VisionΔ 0
  • Universalist ImpulseΔ 0
  • Vital AffirmationΔ 0
  • Will to PowerΔ 0
ADAM SMITHFRANCIS HUTCHESON
What to do next

Where do you sit between Adam Smith and Francis Hutcheson?

  1. 01 · QUIZ
    The Inheritor
    Take the quiz — see which of them you sit closer to on the map.
    CONTINUE ▶
  2. 02 · PROFILE
    Jeremy Bentham
    A third thinker who sits between them — useful for triangulating.
    CONTINUE ▶
  3. 03 · ARENA
    Argue Adam Smith
    Face Adam Smith in a 5-minute single-turn debate, judged on rigor.
    CONTINUE ▶